Thursday, October 1, 2015

Akathist hymn to St. Therese of Lisieux


Akathist to Saint Therese of the Child Jesus

Kontakion 1
To thee O Little Flower of Jesus, we thy brothers and sisters in the Faith sing a hymn of praise as to one who scaled the heights of purity and piety, and we thy fellow yokemates cry out from our hearts: 
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Ekos 1
The Lord Jesus came to thee and set thy heart aflame with love for Him and His Mother, saying Rejoice, My little Flower!  And thee in reply O most pure Virgin and Saint Therese didst say, behold, I am Thine O My Jesus:
Rejoice, thou most pure Spouse of Christ!
Rejoice, beholder of the Child Jesus!
Rejoice, thou most wise Teacher of the faithful!
Rejoice, the co-Patron of the French!
Rejoice, more glorious than the darkness of the world!
Rejoice, steadfast lover of the Rock named Peter!
Rejoice, faithful servant of the Most High God!
Rejoice, beholder of things Divine!
Rejoice, proponent of the True Faith!
Rejoice, Most Chaste and Holy Flower!
Rejoice, Receptacle of the Redemption!
Rejoice, flower of France!
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Kontakion 2
Seeing thyself little but being large in the eyes of God, thou didst live a life of true devotion and love for thy Lord Jesus Christ, and now in return for the merits which thou didst earn through a life of true piety, the Lord has seen fit to magnify thy name upon earth, so the Church militant can cry out:  Alleluiah!

Ekos 2
Being a Doctor of the Divine even after death, thou teachest the world how to pray and rejoice in the Love of the Lord, and knowing this we thy fellow servants sing to thy Spouse with thee:
Rejoice, revealer of the reverence to God!
Rejoice, spotless saint of the Church!
Rejoice, blessed of the Lord in the vision of God!
Rejoice, reclining at the Banquet of the Lamb!
Rejoice, foe of the devils!
Rejoice, friend of the faithful!
Rejoice, bride of the Lord!
Rejoice, teacher of every virtue!
Rejoice, lover of all that is true!
Rejoice, inspiration of the Popes!
Rejoice, daughter of Mary!
Rejoice, servant of the Church!
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Kontakion 3
The Power of God came upon thee when thou wast but still a young and tender girl, but even still inside thou wast mature and ripe in the union of God and bearing many fruits of the Spirit and virtues of Providence, and so we magnify thy name for the Glory of God as we sing:  Alleluiah!

Ekos 3
Filled with the Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity of Our Lord Jesus Christ, thou didst nourish the faithful with the Word of God in simplicity with the Little Way, and we in imitation of the simplicity and love which thou hast taught us sing to thee:
Rejoice, in union with the Holy Trinity!
Rejoice, in simplicity of heart!
Rejoice, most beloved bride of God!
Rejoice, worthy of veneration for thy virtues!
Rejoice, with Our Lord Jesus Christ!
Rejoice, in heaven with all the saints!
Rejoice, author of amiable works!
Rejoice, lover of life!
Rejoice, citadel of salvation!
Rejoice, blessed beauty of Peter’s Barque!
Rejoice, laborer in the fields of God!
Rejoice, good Sister in our Salvation!
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Kontakion 4
All thy life thou didst desire to behold the Holy Face of Our Lord, and now after a lifetime of labors in love thou hast been rewarded with an eternity to dwell on the Most Beautiful Face of Our God and His Christ, therefore it is truly meet and right to cry aloud with thee and sing:  Alleluiah!

Ekos 4
Together with the souls of the Just made perfect and the Spirits of the LORD God we sing praises with thee to the Most High God, and we give love and honor to a soul so bright, so pure, and as beloved as thee:
Rejoice, believer of the Promises of the forefathers!
Rejoice, best friend of sinners!
Rejoice, beholder of the Face of Jesus!
Rejoice, crown of the chaste!
Rejoice, always praising the Father in the Son!
Rejoice, forever blessing the Spirit of God!
Rejoice, always a help to humanity!
Rejoice, pure and chaste model of benevolence!
Rejoice, Doctor of the Catholic Faith!
Rejoice, forever feeling the love of God!
Rejoice, singing with us to the Godhead!
Rejoice, making a canticle to Our Christ!
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Kontakion 5
Having despaired at the death of thy loved ones, thou wast wounded in spirit, but raising thine eyes to the Lord Jesus, he comforted thee in thy sorrows and aided thee in thy afflictions; therefore we who likewise are afflicted with sorrows, seek thy intercession to the Lord that he may comfort us as well, and so we cry:  Alleluiah!

Ekos 5
Learning of the devotion of this Doctor of the Church only after her death and birth in Paradise, her Sisters and all who learned of her likewise have led us to sing out in joy:
Rejoice, devotee of the Mother of God!
Rejoice, author of many hymns of praise!
Rejoice, mother of majestic manuals!
Rejoice, for you are forever to be remembered!
Rejoice, teacher of the Way of God!
Rejoice, flood of spiritual Triumph!
Rejoice, O Wise matriarch in the Faith!
Rejoice, Saint Beloved by millions!
Rejoice, blessed little soul!
Rejoice, magnificent in the eyes of God!
Rejoice, thou who taught us worthy worship!
Rejoice, guide of those seeking simplicity!
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Kontakion 6
We give thanks to the Most High God for having granted thee to the world, for even though thy life lasted a mere twenty four years, thy memory and legacy will carry on for all eternity because of the mighty Deeds of God which thou worked in thy lifetime and continue to work thereafter, and so we thank God always with voices lifted in praise: Alleluiah!

Ekos 6
We give Honor, Praise and Adoration to the Adorable Trinity in the memory of the blessed Saint of Lisieux named Therese, and we always sing faithfully and triumphantly for every one of the Saints because they have gained the Victory over death through the death of the one who destroyed death by death, the Resurrected Lord, Jesus Christ, therefore we rejoice in the Light of the Saints and say:
Rejoice, thou who livest forever with God!
Rejoice, with our Eternal Shepherd!
Rejoice, ever making merry in Paradise!
Rejoice, forever with thy beloved Jesus!
Rejoice, for death has been swallowed up in Life!
Rejoice, because Christ has set us free!
Rejoice, for thou hast attained Salvation!
Rejoice, fruit of the Resurrection!
Rejoice, daughter of Our Father!
Rejoice, ever praising the Almighty God!
Rejoice, forever and ever!
Rejoice, thou that prayed without ceasing!
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Kontakion 7
Beloved bride of Jesus, thou lived a life of purity and dedication to thy Lord, and now thou hast reaped the benefits of the seeds of sanctity which thou sowed in thy lifetime, and knowing that thy fruit is as lovely as the seeds which thou hast sown, we sing with thee:  Alleluiah!

Ekos 7
Saint Therese of Lisieux, thy entire family was a model of the Holy Family, a blessing to the world and a true sign of the God of All to the entire world, we love you and we thank you and we thank your beautiful Mother and your pious Father, as well as your beautiful mother and your pious father, and in thanksgiving for the blessing we have received in thee we cry aloud:
Rejoice, blessed little Flower!
Rejoice, lover of the Lord!
Rejoice, great and holy Saint of God!
Rejoice, most pious pilgrim!
Rejoice, forgiver of thy enemies!
Rejoice, thou who wast most fervent in prayer!
Rejoice, giving thanks to God on high!
Rejoice, ever fruitful and multiplying in alms deeds!
Rejoice, never wavering in thy convictions for Christ!
Rejoice, still believing during thy darkest night!
Rejoice, ever faithful friend of Our Lord!
Rejoice, beloved mother of many spiritual children!
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Kontakion 8
If ever there was a bride of Jesus who imitated the Virgin Mother of Jesus in a most perfect way, it was thee O most beloved Therese, therefore we cry out together with thee in singing hymns of praise to He Who Is Worthy of Worship:  Alleluiah!

Ekos 8
Filled with the energy of God and ever meditating what the Essence of God must be, thou attained great spiritual heights whilst still inhabiting the flesh, and thou wast untethered to reach unspeakable heights when thy soul departed the flesh to stand before its Maker, and now being lifted on high we sing with thee:
Rejoice, sojourner on the summits of Shaddai!
Rejoice, reveler in the rotundas of El Roi!
Rejoice, Blessed Therese of the Child Jesus!
Rejoice, ever thankful saint of the Lord!
Rejoice, perfect example of piety!
Rejoice, blessed by the Pope!
Rejoice, blessed with St. Joan of Arc!
Rejoice, filled with the faith of France!
Rejoice, most dear devotion of Notre Dame!
Rejoice, ever filled with Life!
Rejoice, together with all the Church Triumphant!
Rejoice, thou as sweet as a flower!
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Kontakion 9
All of Lisieux can marvel at the mysteries which one who was brought up in this small village has revealed to the world, and at the mighty power of God which exalts the lowly and humbles the exalted, the One who keeps faith to a thousand generations of those that love Him, and has blessed so much this Little Flower of His, and causes us to cry unceasingly:  Alleluiah!

Ekos 9
Never seeing the Lord yet always rejoicing, thou art a true example of what faith is to be, lived in sincere devotion, in simplicity of heart, becoming as a little child, being as wise as a serpent yet harmless as a dove, always keeping and holding the death and resurrection of Our Sweetest Jesus in our hearts and meditating on His Mysteries, and being filled with the riches of devotion which cause us to break out in song saying:
Rejoice, ever filled with the Holy Spirit!
Rejoice, never ending songs of praise!
Rejoice, wisdom of God inhabiting thy soul!
Rejoice, plunderer of the powers of death!
Rejoice, surrounded by the angels!
Rejoice, always making merry!
Rejoice, remember us in thy prayers!
Rejoice, together with Christ in God!
Rejoice, forever at home in the hearts of sinners!
Rejoice, rebelling against sin and death!
Rejoice, reveling in virtue and life!
Rejoice, at home in Heaven!
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Kontakion 10
With a desire to love all against all odds, thou didst fulfill thy mission assigned to thee by thy adorable Spouse, and in great admiration of this most arduous task that thou hast accomplished, we thy brethren sing aloud with thee:  Alleluiah!

Ekos 10
As with so much charity and patience thou hast been brought into the Temple of God, we who are in the war against the flesh here on earth seek thy intercession, for thou hast boldness before the Mighty God and say always:
Rejoice, receptacle of the reverence of God!
Rejoice, loved by both God and men!
Rejoice, thou that overcame the world!
Rejoice, thee that attained Divinization!
Rejoice, little flower of the Branch of David!
Rejoice, blessed and beatific beauty!
Rejoice, ever against all evil!
Rejoice, standing up for what is right!
Rejoice, Nun who dost love the Son!
Rejoice, loyal daughter of the Theotokos!
Rejoice, habitation of the Holy One!
Rejoice, reputation of a spotless Spouse!
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Kontakion 11
A stalwart supporter of the Spirit of God, thou didst disdain the world as to never offend thy God and Savior, and this has become the sweetest fruit for thee who now art ever blessed and glorified in the glorious Lord, looking up to thee as a Holy mother of the Faith, we cry out together with thee:  Alleluiah!

Ekos 11
A sinner such as me needs as much as prayer as is possible, therefore I sing this hymn in remembrance of a saint such as thyself, in the hope that thou mayst pray to God for me and that after a lifetime of imitating the lives of many saints such as thee I might praise God and contemplate His Holy Face together with thee, and so I sing:
Rejoice, sweet mother who was filled with wisdom!
Rejoice, thou that didst love Our Lord!
Rejoice, together with all of Heaven!
Rejoice, never forget those who invoke thee!
Rejoice, beautiful bride of Jesus!
Rejoice, with thy whole family of Saints!
Rejoice, ever glorious great mother of the Church!
Rejoice, thou that didst teach the faithful!
Rejoice, forever faithful!
Rejoice, virgin amongst virgins!
Rejoice, seed that fell on good ground!
Rejoice, most wise virgin who filled her lamp!
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Kontakion 12
O Glorious St. Therese of the Child Jesus, thou never gave up the good fight even in the face of adversity, thou who art full of faith and love, therefore we sing thy praises as we call to mind all that thou taught us to say and do in thy short life on earth, and we sing:  Alleluiah!

Ekos 12
Thou who beholdest the Holy Face of Jesus at all times, intercede for us always and never cease to pray for the people of God who cry to thee:
Rejoice, holy woman of God!
Rejoice, righteous child of God!
Rejoice, ever pure spouse of Jesus!
Rejoice, aroma of the flowers of faith!
Rejoice, sweetness of the Spirit!
Rejoice, oil of compunction and praise!
Rejoice, most pure spiritual mother!
Rejoice, lovely and adorable friend!
Rejoice, simple and charitable daughter!
Rejoice, devout and holy one!
Rejoice, ever blessed saint!
Rejoice, sweet smell of sanctity!
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Kontakion 13
O all-laudable and ever blessed Flower of Jesus, the Little Flower of simplicity, the Flower of purity, the Flower of Virginity, the Flower of righteousness, the Flower of gladness, the Flower of Love, the Flower of the spirit, the Flower of purity, the Flower of humility, the Flower of grace, never cease to praise the Mighty and Wondrous God, Father, Son and Spirit:  Alleluiah!  (Repeat this Kontakion three times)  Then:

Ekos 1
The Lord Jesus came to thee and set thy heart aflame with love for Him and His Mother, saying Rejoice, My little Flower!  And thee in reply O most pure Virgin and Saint Therese didst say, behold, I am Thine O My Jesus:
Rejoice, thou most pure Spouse of Christ!
Rejoice, beholder of the Child Jesus!
Rejoice, thou most wise Teacher of the faithful!
Rejoice, the co-Patron of the French!
Rejoice, more glorious than the darkness of the world!
Rejoice, steadfast lover of the Rock named Peter!
Rejoice, faithful servant of the Most High God!
Rejoice, beholder of things Divine!
Rejoice, proponent of the True Faith!
Rejoice, Most Chaste and Holy Flower!
Rejoice, Receptacle of the Redemption!
Rejoice, flower of France!
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Kontakion 1
To thee O Little Flower of Jesus, we thy brothers and sisters in the Faith sing a hymn of praise as to one who scaled the heights of purity and piety, and we thy fellow yokemates cry out from our hearts: 
Rejoice, thou Fragrant Flower of Jesus!

Concluding prayer to St. Therese of the Child Jesus:
O Holy and Pure St. Therese of Lisieux, you lived a life of exemplary purity and holiness; therefore we call always on thy name and on Our God to help us always.  O God, forgive us our sins and bless us always through the powerful intercessions of the Most Pure Virgin Saint Therese, always remember her when Thou rememberst us O Lord our God, help us to grow in charity and chastity until we become perfect in charity and chastity as the glorious St. Therese did become perfect, for whoever sins does not know thee.  Therefore, we seek always the intercessions of all the virgins, the Glorious Virgin Mary, the ever blessed St. Therese, the wonderful St. Gemma Galgani and all the Virgin-Martyrs of thine, and we seek always to do Thy Will O God.  St. Therese, pray for us to always practice thy little way, and for us to become little in the world so we may become big with God, pray for us to be wise as serpents yet gentle as doves, pray for the Lord to forgive us our iniquities and overlook our transgressions, so we may always ascribe glory, honor, and praise to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit, and that through the prayers of the Most Holy Theotokos and all the angels and saints, and especially St. Therese of the Child Jesus, we may be granted great mercy by our Lord,
Amen.

Sunday, September 6, 2015

Miracles in the Gospel according to St. John



The many miracles in the Holy Gospel of Jesus Christ according to St. John

Have you ever heard or read that the Gospel of St. John does not contain many miracles, or that it only contains seven signs?  I’ve put together a small list, and we can conclude that the Gospel of John has at least 12 – 17 miracles, or supernatural happenings, which go to show that Jesus Christ is LORD.
#1) John 1:47-50 Jesus saw Nathanael coming toward him and said of him, “Here is a true Israelite. There is no duplicity in him.” 48 Nathanael said to him, “How do you know me?” Jesus answered and said to him, “Before Philip called you, I saw you under the fig tree.” 49 Nathanael answered him, “Rabbi, you are the Son of God; you are the King of Israel.” 50 Jesus answered and said to him, “Do you believe because I told you that I saw you under the fig tree? You will see greater things than this.”
Prescience.  That is not natural, that is supernatural, hence miracle #1 in the Gospel of John.  This is one of several Johannine miracles which establish the Omniscience of Jesus.  John goes to great lengths to show that Jesus is Omniscient, Omnipotent, Omnipresent and Omnibenevolent. 
#2) John 2:9 And when the headwaiter tasted the water that had become wine, without knowing where it came from
Water into wine.  This one is well known, so enough said there.
#3) John 2:23-25 While he was in Jerusalem for the feast of Passover, many began to believe in his name when they saw the signs he was doing. 24 But Jesus would not trust himself to them because he knew them all, 25 and did not need anyone to testify about human nature. He himself understood it well.
This is not a miraculous act in and of itself, but it is another testimony of a miraculous fact.  It is a statement of Jesus omniscience – Jesus needs nobody to tell Him anything, because He is God who knows everything since all exists in Him.
#4) John 4:29 “Come see a man who told me everything I have done. Could he possibly be the Messiah?”
When Jesus speaks to the woman at the well, he “tells her all she has ever done”.  I do not know about you, but when I meet a stranger walking down the street, I do not normally tell them everything they have done and have them proclaim that I am the Messiah.  I would say this is miraculous, wouldn’t you?
#5) John 4:50-51 “You may go; your son will live.” The man believed what Jesus said to him and left. 51 While he was on his way back, his slaves met him and told him that his boy would live.
Healing the Royal Officials son, Jesus shows his Omnipotence and power over life and death, sickness and health.
#6) John 5:8-9 Jesus said to him, “Rise, take up your mat, and walk.” 9 Immediately the man became well, took up his mat, and walked.
Jesus heals and a paralytic.  Again showing His Omnipotence.
#7) John 6:14  When the people saw the sign he had done, they said, “This is truly the Prophet, the one who is to come into the world.” 1
 Jesus multiplies the bread and fish, in an act prefiguring the multiplication of His Own Body and Blood. 
#8) John 6:19-20  When they had rowed about three or four miles, they saw Jesus walking on the sea and coming near the boat, and they began to be afraid. 20 But he said to them, “I AM. Do not be afraid.”
How’s that for a testimony of Jesus to His Divinity?  He comes walking on the water to his disciples – they are, understandably, petrified.  His reply?  “Do not fear, I am the LORD God.”  Oh, but he didn’t say that you say?  In Greek, Ergo Imee is the Name of God in Exodus.  St. John was connecting Jesus words here with Exodus, identifying Jesus with the LORD.
#9) John 6:21 They wanted to take him into the boat, but the boat immediately arrived at the shore to which they were heading.
This one is often overlooked, but it is one of my favorite miracles of Christ.  After the disciples have witnessed him feeding thousands of people with a few loaves of bread, and then walking on water and saying He is God, Jesus tops it all off by teleporting them to shore from the middle of the sea.  It’s like Jesus was saying “do you get it now?  I told you, I AM GOD”.
#10) John 7:29-30  I know him, because I am from him, and he sent me.” 30 So they tried to arrest him, but no one laid a hand upon him, because his hour had not yet come.
Jesus again infuriates his audience by making blatant claims to Godhood.  He gets them so upset at his insistent claims of Divinity that they decide to arrest him so they can bring him up on charges of blasphemy and stone him.  Jesus had other plans in mind.  Jesus, since He is God, has complete Sovereignty over the hearts and minds of men.  So he did not worry, his hour had not yet come, he simply strolled out of there and there was nothing they could do.  How are you going to lay hands on God unless God wants you to lay hands on Him?
#11) John chapter 9.  The entire 9th chapter of St. Johns Gospel is about Jesus healing a man born blind.  Quite an impressive miracle. 
#12) John 10:39  [Then] they tried again to arrest him; but he escaped from their power.
This ties in with #10.  Again, Jesus infuriates his audience by making blatant claims to Divinity.  And again, they want to kill him, but it is not time.  So He uses his Sovereign Omnipotence to allow himself a safe retreat from his infuriated audience.  Some manuscripts also say “He hid himself and so passed by”.  I like to imagine Jesus making himself go invisible, like He did in some of his post-resurrection appearances, and His angry mob then sitting in bewilderment and thinking “wow, maybe his claims of divinity are true?”
#13) John chapter 11.  The entire 11th chapter of John is a prefiguring of what is to happen at the end of this Gospel story.  Jesus raises Lazarus from the dead, just as the Father will raise the Son from the dead.
#14 – 16) numbers 14 through 16 happen throughout the final chapters of the Gospel of John.  They include knowledge of His own death, and knowledge over who was to betray him (Omniscience) and power over the guards who arrest him (when they go to arrest him, he says the Divine Name, I AM! And they fall back because of the Mighty Power of God) and finally His own Glorious Resurrection and post-Resurrection appearances. 

So in summary, I believe I have demonstrated how the common opinion that there are only seven miracles in Johns gospel is false, and there are actually about twice as many, at least 14, and as many as 18, depending on how you count and what you count as a miracle.

Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy on me a sinner.
Pray for me, brothers and sisters!

Thursday, September 3, 2015

Pray for the repose of a family friend

A family friend named Jennifer Z passed away this weekend, from an accidental drowning.

Please pray for her soul, and for her three children and boyfriend and family whom she left behind.

Lord Jesus Christ have mercy on Jennifer and let your perpetual light shine on her, forgive her sins and bless her always!

Soul of Christ, sanctify me
Body of Christ, save me
Blood of Christ, inebriate me
Water from Christ's side, wash me
Passion of Christ, strengthen me
O good Jesus, hear me
Within Thy wounds hide me
Suffer me not to be separated from Thee
From the malicious enemy defend me
In the hour of my death call me
And bid me come unto Thee
That I may praise Thee with Thy saints

and with Thy angels
Forever and ever
Amen

Thursday, July 16, 2015

The Lords Supper

I had an experience at Mass this morning that made me think of a blog I made here a while ago.  I touched it up, and here it is.


Something happened which reminded me of the tremendous reverence we ought to approach the Lords Body, Blood, Soul and Divinity with.

The Eucharist should always be a blessing, never a curse.

Lord have mercy!



Admittance to the Sacrament of Sacraments, the Most Holy and Divine Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity of Our Lord Jesus Christ

I am writing this to either educate or re-educate my fellow Catholic brothers and sisters in Christ about the requirements for admittance to the Supper of the Lord, the Most Holy and Divine Sacred Mystery, that Sacrament of Sacraments we call the Eucharist or Holy Communion.

I have spoken with several Catholics who do not know the five prerequisites for admittance to the Supper of the Lord.  You MUST meet all five, or you should not come forward to receive. 
I have seen that some Catholics either do not care about the requirements or do not know them, but I have a duty as a Catholic to admonish and teach my brothers and sisters.  So without further delay, here are the five requirements, with proof from the Sacred Tradition and Sacred Scripture, expounded through the Magisterium in the Code of Canon Law (CIC) and Catholic Catechism (CCC):

#1) You MUST be in a state of grace.   “Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of profaning the body and blood of the Lord.  Let a man examine himself, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup.  For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment upon himself.”  (1 Cor. 11:27–29). This is a non-negotiable requirement. If you take the Eucharist while being conscious of mortal sin, you are not eating and drinking forgiveness of sins, blessing and eternal life to yourself.  No, on the contrary, you are eating and drinking damnation, and committing the sin of sacrilege.  God forbid my brothers and sisters!

Please, do NOT think people around you will judge you if you do not go forward.  I guarantee, people will respect a penitent more than somebody taking the Body of Blood of Christ in a wanton manner.  An early Christian teaching document, the Didache, which was written between 50 and 100 A.D., states: "Whosoever is holy [i.e., in a state of sanctifying grace], let him approach. Whosoever is not, let him repent" (Didache 10).

The second part of #1, is you must have been to confession since your last mortal sin.  The Catholic Code of Canon Law states: "A person who is conscious of a grave sin is not to . . . receive the body of the Lord without prior sacramental confession unless a grave reason is present and there is no opportunity of confessing; in this case the person is to be mindful of the obligation to make an act of perfect contrition, including the intention of confessing as soon as possible" (CIC 916).

And again from the Didache: "But first make confession of your faults, so that your sacrifice may be a pure one" (Didache 14).

This requirement (#1 A/B) can be dispensed of for several reasons, including:  (1) there must be a grave reason to receive Communion (for example, danger of death), (2) it must be physically or morally impossible to go to confession first, (3) the person must already be in a state of grace through perfect contrition, and (4) he must resolve to go to confession as soon as possible.

#2) You must believe in the established Dogmas of the Church, most especially (and obviously) the Eucharistic dogmas:  Transubstantiation, and Real Presence.  "For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment upon himself" (1 Cor. 11:29).  If you do not believe in the Real Presence, if you do not believe the Lords Words "my flesh is real food, my blood real drink", if you only believe in "symbolic presence" - do NOT approach!  You must ascent to the Catholic dogma or risk not discerning the Precious Body, Blood, Soul and Divinity of our dearly beloved Lord Jesus Christ.
These are essential Dogmas.  If you deny the Transubstantiation, you are in a state of sin due to heterodox belief.  This is different from having doubts or feeling like you’re not really sure if the bread and wine completely change substance.  This means outright denial of it.  Saying “I have a hard time believing it, but I do believe”, is much different from “I do not believe it”.  Many Bishops and Priests, even Popes and Saints have had a hard time understanding the Real Presence, but they did not deny it.

#3) You must have observed the minimum Eucharistic Fast:  "One who is to receive the most Holy Eucharist is to abstain from any food or drink, with the exception only of water and medicine, for at least the period of one hour before Holy Communion" (CIC 919 §1). Elderly folks, people who are very ill, and their caretakers are excused from the Eucharistic fast (CIC 191 §3). Priests and deacons may not dispense one obligated by the Eucharistic fast unless the bishop has expressly granted such power to them (cf. CIC 89).  Drinking water is allowed, and medicine that is necessary to take is allowed also.  Don’t get scrupulous – I have seen people ask if brushing their teeth breaks the Eucharistic fast…

#4) You must not be under any sort of ban, censure, or excommunication.  "Those who are excommunicated or interdicted after the imposition or declaration of the penalty and others who obstinately persist in manifest grave sin are not to be admitted to Holy Communion" (CIC 915).

#5) The final requirement, and the most obvious one:  You must be a validly baptized Catholic.  If you do not have a valid Catholic baptism, do NOT approach for Communion in a Catholic Church.
(CIC 912) Any baptized person not prohibited by law can and must be admitted to holy communion.

In summary, in order to approach the Lords Table, you must be a baptized Catholic, in a state of grace and made recent confession since your past mortal sin, have a correct belief / faith in the dogmas of the Church, particularly the Transubstantiation  / Real Presence.  One must be in good standing with the Church - not under any sort of ban, censure, or excommunication, and finally, have observed the minimum one hour Eucharistic fast.

Dear brothers and sisters, keeping the Most Holy Sacrament Holy is of the utmost importance.  Please make an inventory of yourself before Communion. 

Wednesday, July 15, 2015

Musings on "hell" in modern translations

One hell of an issue?

Fellow Catholics, and all Christians, I have something to show you.  When someone talks about “the pits of hell”, “burning in hell”, or being cast into “hell”, what does this evoke in you?  If you are a Catholic, it should invoke a sense of dread.  If you’re an atheist it should conjure up images of demons boiling poor souls in oil (or worse).  My point being that hell is a pungent word in English.  Hell SOUNDS bad.  Hell sounds like a place you’d want to avoid.
Now what about if I said “go to Sheol!” or “rot in Sheol” or “the pits of hades”, or “burning in Gehenna” or “chained up in Tartarus”.  Not so much reaction right?
Well I just compiled a list of ten Bibles, both Catholic and Protestant, to show you the difference in use of “hell”.  I am ashamed to see that my Churches main American Bible contains the word a total of…. Zero times.

From least to most times:
10) NABRE - 0.
9) NRSV - 13
8) RSVCE - 13
7) NASB - 13
6) NIV - 13
5) AMP, Amplified Bible - 13
4) ESV - 14
3) NKJV - 32
2) KJV- 54
1) Douay-Rheims – 110
This saddens me.  For 433 years we Catholics have had an English Bible that mentioned hell a WHOPPING number of 110 times.  More than twice as much as the KJV.  Now, a lot of these are mistranslations in a way, because in the OT Sheol is not rendered properly into hell.  But that is for another time to discuss translation methodology. 
I also want to make note that 5 of the 10 agree on using hell in 13 places and I am going to argue that our modern Catholic Bibles (and preferably the 2025 update of the NAB Bible) will use hell in those thirteen places and not just transcribe Greek words.  I understand it is truer to the underlying text, but again, “hades” or “Gehenna” just does not evoke the same reaction of the listener/reader as does “hell”
Some of these thirteen places where hell ought to be used include: 
Luke 12:5 But I will warn you whom to fear: fear him who, after he has killed, has power to cast into hell; yes, I tell you, fear him!
 Now what evokes more thought in Jesus words here?  This rendition of being cast into hell….or the NABRE where they transcribe the Greek Gehenna.
Do most American Catholics understand what Gehenna is?  Are many, besides some scholars, clergy, religious and learned laity really fearful of Gehenna?  They do not even know what it is.  However, tell average Joe Catholic he can be cast into hell… and that changes things.
Now next we have 2 Peter 2:4 “For if God did not spare the angels when they sinned, but cast them into hell and committed them to pits of nether gloom to be kept until the judgment”
Okay, I’m sure most would understand these fallen angels are being kept in agony in hell.  But what about our NAB?  In our NABRE, they are in Tartarus.  Now again, granted, Tartarus is the Greek word St. Peter used to describe this in the 1st century A.D., but in the 1st century A.D. Greek speaking Christians would fully understand what Tartarus was.  In A.D. 2015 in America, how many American Catholics can tell you what Tartarus is?  And I know there is a footnote explaining it, but it should be the opposite way: hell in the text, footnote explaining Tartarus and the meaning of the word.

Matthew 23:33 “You serpents, you brood of vipers, how are you to escape being sentenced to hell?”
Whoa.  Powerful words from Jesus!
Now here’s the NABRE version:
“You serpents, you brood of vipers, how can you flee from the judgment of Gehenna?”
Now which one makes even a learned person who knows what Gehenna is take these words a little more solemnly?
One last example that is not in any of the Protestant based translations, but is only found in the DR Bible, that should be in ALL Catholic Bibles of course is:
Matthew 16:18 “And I say to thee: That thou art Peter; and upon this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.”

In closing, I am not saying we ought to go back to the Douay way of doing things and translate hell a whopping 110 times, however, I think going in the opposite direction and leaving hell completely out of the Bible is not a good thing to do.  We need temperance with this issue, as with all things in life.  I believe a perfect NAB for 2025 would have “hell” instead of the transcribed Greek “Hades/Gehenna/Tartarus” in all 13 places where all the other Bibles do, and also in Matthew 16:18.

Feedback is welcome and I appreciate your time.

Sincerely yours in Christ,
Jason Michael Spyridon